Optimization of Soaking Time and HCl Activation on the Properties of Adsorbent Synthesized from Robusta Coffee Husk Waste
Keywords:
Adsorbent Synthesized, Robusta Coffee Husk Waste, Soaking Time, HCl ActivationAbstract
The increasing severity of water pollution caused by industrial, agricultural, and domestic activities requires the development of efficient and sustainable adsorbents. This study investigates the optimization of soaking duration and hydrochloric acid (HCl) activation on the physicochemical properties of activated carbon synthesized from Robusta coffee husk waste. The activation process used HCl at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%, with immersion durations of 1, 2, and 3 days. Characterization of the resulting activated carbon included moisture content, ash content, and iodine adsorption capacity, analyzed in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) No. 06-3730-1995. Experimental results revealed that all samples met the standard limits for moisture (<15%) and ash content (<10%), with the lowest values recorded at 0.0023% and 1.0056%, respectively. However, none of the samples achieved the minimum iodine adsorption threshold of 750 mg/g, with the highest capacity measured at 660.33 mg/g under 2 day immersion with 5% HCl. Statistical analysis using two-way ANOVA demonstrated that both HCl concentration and soaking duration, as well as their interaction, had a statistically significant effect (p < 0.05) on all measured properties. The optimum condition for producing high quality activated carbon was identified as 5% HCl concentration with 2 days of soaking. This finding highlights the potential of coffee husk biomass as a cost effective and environmentally friendly precursor for activated carbon production.
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References
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